The Effect of Standard Heat and Filtration ProcessingProcedures on Antimicrobial Activity and Hydrogen Peroxide Levels in HoneyFront Microbiol, 2012;3:265, Epub 2012 Jul 27There is increasing interest in the antimicrobial propertiesof honey. In most honey types, antimicrobial activity is due to the generationof hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), but this can vary greatly among samples. Honey is a complex product and other components may modulateactivity, which can be further affected by commercial processing procedures. In this study we examined honey derived from three nativeAustralian floral sources that had previously been associated withH(2)O(2)-dependent activity. Antibacterial activity was seen in four redstringybark samples only, and ranged from 12 to 21.1% phenol equivalenceagainst Staphylococcus aureus. Antifungal activity ranged from MIC values of19-38.3% (w/v) against Candida albicans, and all samples were significantlymore active than an osmotically equivalent sugar solution. All honey samples were provided unprocessed and followingcommercial processing. Processing was usually detrimental to antimicrobialactivity, but occasionally the reverse was seen and activity increased.H(2)O(2) levels varied from 0 to 1017 μM, and although samples with no H(2)O(2)had little or no antimicrobial activity, some samples had relatively highH(2)O(2) levels yet no antimicrobial activity. In samples where H(2)O(2) was detected, the correlation withantibacterial activity was greater in the processed than in the unprocessedsamples, suggesting other factors present in the honey influence this activityand are sensitive to heat treatment. Antifungal activity did not correlate withthe level of H(2)O(2) in honey samples, and overall it appeared that H(2)O(2)alone was not sufficient to inhibit C. albicans. We conclude that floral source and H(2)O(2) levels are notreliable predictors of the antimicrobial activity of honey, which currently canonly be assessed by standardized antimicrobial testing. Heat processing shouldbe reduced where possible, and honey destined for medicinal use should beretested post-processing to ensure that activity levels have not changed.
14 Ağustos 2012 Salı
Hydrogen Peroxide Levels are Not Reliable Predictors of Honey’s Antimicrobial Activity
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The Effect of Standard Heat and Filtration ProcessingProcedures on Antimicrobial Activity and Hydrogen Peroxide Levels in HoneyFront Microbiol, 2012;3:265, Epub 2012 Jul 27There is increasing interest in the antimicrobial propertiesof honey. In most honey types, antimicrobial activity is due to the generationof hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), but this can vary greatly among samples. Honey is a complex product and other components may modulateactivity, which can be further affected by commercial processing procedures. In this study we examined honey derived from three nativeAustralian floral sources that had previously been associated withH(2)O(2)-dependent activity. Antibacterial activity was seen in four redstringybark samples only, and ranged from 12 to 21.1% phenol equivalenceagainst Staphylococcus aureus. Antifungal activity ranged from MIC values of19-38.3% (w/v) against Candida albicans, and all samples were significantlymore active than an osmotically equivalent sugar solution. All honey samples were provided unprocessed and followingcommercial processing. Processing was usually detrimental to antimicrobialactivity, but occasionally the reverse was seen and activity increased.H(2)O(2) levels varied from 0 to 1017 μM, and although samples with no H(2)O(2)had little or no antimicrobial activity, some samples had relatively highH(2)O(2) levels yet no antimicrobial activity. In samples where H(2)O(2) was detected, the correlation withantibacterial activity was greater in the processed than in the unprocessedsamples, suggesting other factors present in the honey influence this activityand are sensitive to heat treatment. Antifungal activity did not correlate withthe level of H(2)O(2) in honey samples, and overall it appeared that H(2)O(2)alone was not sufficient to inhibit C. albicans. We conclude that floral source and H(2)O(2) levels are notreliable predictors of the antimicrobial activity of honey, which currently canonly be assessed by standardized antimicrobial testing. Heat processing shouldbe reduced where possible, and honey destined for medicinal use should beretested post-processing to ensure that activity levels have not changed.
The Effect of Standard Heat and Filtration ProcessingProcedures on Antimicrobial Activity and Hydrogen Peroxide Levels in HoneyFront Microbiol, 2012;3:265, Epub 2012 Jul 27There is increasing interest in the antimicrobial propertiesof honey. In most honey types, antimicrobial activity is due to the generationof hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), but this can vary greatly among samples. Honey is a complex product and other components may modulateactivity, which can be further affected by commercial processing procedures. In this study we examined honey derived from three nativeAustralian floral sources that had previously been associated withH(2)O(2)-dependent activity. Antibacterial activity was seen in four redstringybark samples only, and ranged from 12 to 21.1% phenol equivalenceagainst Staphylococcus aureus. Antifungal activity ranged from MIC values of19-38.3% (w/v) against Candida albicans, and all samples were significantlymore active than an osmotically equivalent sugar solution. All honey samples were provided unprocessed and followingcommercial processing. Processing was usually detrimental to antimicrobialactivity, but occasionally the reverse was seen and activity increased.H(2)O(2) levels varied from 0 to 1017 μM, and although samples with no H(2)O(2)had little or no antimicrobial activity, some samples had relatively highH(2)O(2) levels yet no antimicrobial activity. In samples where H(2)O(2) was detected, the correlation withantibacterial activity was greater in the processed than in the unprocessedsamples, suggesting other factors present in the honey influence this activityand are sensitive to heat treatment. Antifungal activity did not correlate withthe level of H(2)O(2) in honey samples, and overall it appeared that H(2)O(2)alone was not sufficient to inhibit C. albicans. We conclude that floral source and H(2)O(2) levels are notreliable predictors of the antimicrobial activity of honey, which currently canonly be assessed by standardized antimicrobial testing. Heat processing shouldbe reduced where possible, and honey destined for medicinal use should beretested post-processing to ensure that activity levels have not changed.
Kate Middleton Uses Bee Venom Facials
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Kate Middleton's Skin Is Great, Possibly Due to Bee Venom Huffington Post, 8/9/2012Looks like those bee venom facials are working.Among the many juicy (read: fairly humdrum) details inVanity Fair's new profile on Kate Middleton, contributor Katie Nicholldiscusses the duchess' penchant for those pricey, questionably effectivefacials done with bee venom, a.k.a. Nature's Botox (or something like that).Apparently she was turned onto them by the Duchess of Cornwall, who's foundthem highly effective.They seem to be effective on a younger face as well. We'retypically too focused on her clothes to notice such things, but today Catherineshowed up to yet another London Olympics event wearing that same old white poloand navy pants... so we gladly diverted our attention to her face, which wenoticed is totally flawless…
Kate Middleton's Skin Is Great, Possibly Due to Bee Venom Huffington Post, 8/9/2012Looks like those bee venom facials are working.Among the many juicy (read: fairly humdrum) details inVanity Fair's new profile on Kate Middleton, contributor Katie Nicholldiscusses the duchess' penchant for those pricey, questionably effectivefacials done with bee venom, a.k.a. Nature's Botox (or something like that).Apparently she was turned onto them by the Duchess of Cornwall, who's foundthem highly effective.They seem to be effective on a younger face as well. We'retypically too focused on her clothes to notice such things, but today Catherineshowed up to yet another London Olympics event wearing that same old white poloand navy pants... so we gladly diverted our attention to her face, which wenoticed is totally flawless…
A Review of Medical-Grade Honey in Wound Care
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Br J Nurs, 2012 Aug 7-20;21(15):4-9In the current healthcare environment, clinicians areincreasingly under pressure to use wound care products that are cost effective.This includes products that can be used in a variety of wounds to achievedifferent outcomes, depending on the wound-bed requirements. Medical-grade honey has emerged as a product that canachieve a variety of outcomes within the wound and is safe and easy to use.This article reviews the use of a medical-grade honey, with a view to includingit on the wound care formulary in both primary and secondary care. It featuredin a poster presentation at the Wounds UK conference at Harrogate in 2011.
Br J Nurs, 2012 Aug 7-20;21(15):4-9In the current healthcare environment, clinicians areincreasingly under pressure to use wound care products that are cost effective.This includes products that can be used in a variety of wounds to achievedifferent outcomes, depending on the wound-bed requirements. Medical-grade honey has emerged as a product that canachieve a variety of outcomes within the wound and is safe and easy to use.This article reviews the use of a medical-grade honey, with a view to includingit on the wound care formulary in both primary and secondary care. It featuredin a poster presentation at the Wounds UK conference at Harrogate in 2011.
Honey, Bee Products Widely Used as Alternative Medicine in Saudi Arabia
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Knowledge and Attitude of Health Professionals in the RiyadhRegion, Saudi Arabia, Toward Complementary and Alternative MedicineJ Family Community Med, 2012 May;19(2):93-9.BACKGROUND: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a populartreatment option for many populations. The present work is aimed at studyingthe knowledge and attitude of health professionals in the Riyadh region, SaudiArabia, toward CAM.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional survey, a multistage random samplewas taken from health professionals working in hospitals in Riyadh city andsurrounding governorates. Data were collected through a self-administeredquestionnaire, from 306 health professionals working in 19 hospitals, onsocio-demographic data, knowledge about CAM and their sources, and attitudestoward CAM practices.RESULTS: Of the participants, 88.9% had some knowledge about CAM.Respondents with a doctorate degree (94.74%) and 92.53% of those with abachelor's degree had significantly higher knowledge of CAM than subjects witha diploma, a fellowship, or a master's degree (68.75%, 76.67%, and 85.41%,respectively, P = 0.004). Mass media represented 60.1% of sources of theknowledge of CAM followed by family, relatives, and friends (29.08%) and healtheducational organizations (14.71%). Participants estimated that propheticmedicine including prayer, honey and bee products, medical herbs, Hijama,nutrition and nutritional supplements, cauterization, and camel milk and urinewere the most commonly used CAM practices (90.5%, 85%, 76.9%, 70.6%, 61.4%,55.9%, and 52.5%, respectively) in addition to medical massage (61.8%) andacupuncture (55%). One hundred and fifteen (80%) physicians were ready to talkwith their patients on CAM.CONCLUSION: The willingness to improve knowledge and create a positiveattitude in health professionals toward CAM has increased. Religious practices,especially those related to prophetic medicine, are more common in the region.Health educational organizations have to play a greater role by being thesource of evidence-based knowledge of CAM. Talking on CAM with patients shouldbe improved by rooting them on evidence-based practices.
Knowledge and Attitude of Health Professionals in the RiyadhRegion, Saudi Arabia, Toward Complementary and Alternative MedicineJ Family Community Med, 2012 May;19(2):93-9.BACKGROUND: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a populartreatment option for many populations. The present work is aimed at studyingthe knowledge and attitude of health professionals in the Riyadh region, SaudiArabia, toward CAM.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional survey, a multistage random samplewas taken from health professionals working in hospitals in Riyadh city andsurrounding governorates. Data were collected through a self-administeredquestionnaire, from 306 health professionals working in 19 hospitals, onsocio-demographic data, knowledge about CAM and their sources, and attitudestoward CAM practices.RESULTS: Of the participants, 88.9% had some knowledge about CAM.Respondents with a doctorate degree (94.74%) and 92.53% of those with abachelor's degree had significantly higher knowledge of CAM than subjects witha diploma, a fellowship, or a master's degree (68.75%, 76.67%, and 85.41%,respectively, P = 0.004). Mass media represented 60.1% of sources of theknowledge of CAM followed by family, relatives, and friends (29.08%) and healtheducational organizations (14.71%). Participants estimated that propheticmedicine including prayer, honey and bee products, medical herbs, Hijama,nutrition and nutritional supplements, cauterization, and camel milk and urinewere the most commonly used CAM practices (90.5%, 85%, 76.9%, 70.6%, 61.4%,55.9%, and 52.5%, respectively) in addition to medical massage (61.8%) andacupuncture (55%). One hundred and fifteen (80%) physicians were ready to talkwith their patients on CAM.CONCLUSION: The willingness to improve knowledge and create a positiveattitude in health professionals toward CAM has increased. Religious practices,especially those related to prophetic medicine, are more common in the region.Health educational organizations have to play a greater role by being thesource of evidence-based knowledge of CAM. Talking on CAM with patients shouldbe improved by rooting them on evidence-based practices.
Honey Preferable Treatment for Children’s Cough and Sleep Difficulty
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Effect of Honey on Nocturnal Cough and Sleep Quality: ADouble-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled StudyPediatrics, 2012 Aug 6 OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of a single nocturnal dose of 3 honeyproducts (eucalyptus honey, citrus honey, or labiatae honey) to placebo (silandate extract) on nocturnal cough and difficulty sleeping associated withchildhood upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). METHODS: A survey was administered to parents on 2 consecutive days,first on the day of presentation, when no medication had been given theprevious evening, and the following day, when the study preparation was givenbefore bedtime, based on a double-blind randomization plan. Participantsincluded 300 children aged 1 to 5 years with URIs, nocturnal cough, and illnessduration of ≤7 days from 6 general pediatric community clinics. Eligiblechildren received a single dose of 10 g of eucalyptus honey, citrus honey, labiataehoney, or placebo administered 30 minutes before bedtime. Main outcome measureswere cough frequency, cough severity, bothersome nature of cough, and child andparent sleep quality.RESULTS: In all 3 honey products and the placebo group, there was asignificant improvement from the night before treatment to the night oftreatment. However, the improvement was greater in the honey groups for all theCONCLUSIONS: Parents rated the honey products higher than the silan dateextract for symptomatic relief of their children's nocturnal cough and sleepdifficulty due to URI. Honey may be a preferable treatment for cough and sleepdifficulty associated with childhood URI.
Effect of Honey on Nocturnal Cough and Sleep Quality: ADouble-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled StudyPediatrics, 2012 Aug 6 OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of a single nocturnal dose of 3 honeyproducts (eucalyptus honey, citrus honey, or labiatae honey) to placebo (silandate extract) on nocturnal cough and difficulty sleeping associated withchildhood upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). METHODS: A survey was administered to parents on 2 consecutive days,first on the day of presentation, when no medication had been given theprevious evening, and the following day, when the study preparation was givenbefore bedtime, based on a double-blind randomization plan. Participantsincluded 300 children aged 1 to 5 years with URIs, nocturnal cough, and illnessduration of ≤7 days from 6 general pediatric community clinics. Eligiblechildren received a single dose of 10 g of eucalyptus honey, citrus honey, labiataehoney, or placebo administered 30 minutes before bedtime. Main outcome measureswere cough frequency, cough severity, bothersome nature of cough, and child andparent sleep quality.RESULTS: In all 3 honey products and the placebo group, there was asignificant improvement from the night before treatment to the night oftreatment. However, the improvement was greater in the honey groups for all theCONCLUSIONS: Parents rated the honey products higher than the silan dateextract for symptomatic relief of their children's nocturnal cough and sleepdifficulty due to URI. Honey may be a preferable treatment for cough and sleepdifficulty associated with childhood URI.
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